He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pila LiFePO₄ a me NCM?
Ua lilo nā pila Lithium-ion i mea nui i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā polokalamu hou, nā kaʻa uila, a me nā ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu. Ma waena o nā kemika lithium-ion he nui i loaʻa i kēia lā, ʻelua o nā mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia nā pila LiFePO₄ (Lithium Iron Phosphate) a me NCM (Nickel Cobalt Manganese). Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano nā ʻano kūikawā, nā pono, a me nā noi e kūpono ai lākou no nā hihia hoʻohana like ʻole.
Nā pila LiFePO₄, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau pila LFP, ua ʻike ʻia no ko lākou kūpaʻa wela a me ke kemika maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ola pōʻaiapuni lōʻihi, e hōʻea pinepine ana ma mua o 2000 mau pōʻaiapuni, a hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona palekana ikaika, e like me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka wela nui a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilikia o ka holo ʻana o ka wela a i ʻole ke ahi. Eia kekahi, hana maikaʻi lākou ma lalo o nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a mālama i kahi voltage paʻa i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ko lākou nui ikehu ma mua o nā pila NCM, ʻo ia hoʻi, mālama lākou i ka ikehu liʻiliʻi no ka nui like a i ʻole ke kaumaha. ʻO kēia ka mea e emi ai ko lākou kūpono no nā noi kahi e koʻikoʻi ai ka wahi a me ke kaumaha.
Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, Nā pila NCM—i haku ʻia me ka nickel, cobalt, a me ka manganese—hāʻawi i ka nui o ka ikehu a me ka ikehu kikoʻī nui aʻe. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpono loa ai lākou no nā kaʻa uila (EV), kahi e pono ai ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokele a me ka nui o ka pākaukau liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā pākaukau NCM ke hāʻawi i ka hana ikaika ma ke ʻano o ka wikiwiki a me ka hoʻopuka kiʻekiʻe o ke au. Eia nō naʻe, he pōkole ko lākou ola pōʻaiapuni i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me LiFePO₄, maʻamau mai 1000 a 1500 mau pōʻaiapuni. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke alo o ka cobalt e hoʻāla i nā hopohopo kaiapuni a me nā pono, no ka mea, he nui nā kumuwaiwai i kāna kaʻina hana mining a he hoʻopaʻapaʻa pinepine.
Ma ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā pila LiFePO₄ a ʻoi aku ka launa pū me ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā pila NCM, hāʻawi lākou i ka hana maikaʻi aʻe ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻopuka ikehu. ʻO ke koho ma waena o nā mea ʻelua e pili nui ana i ka noi: makemake ʻia ʻo LiFePO₄ no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu paʻa a me nā kaʻa uila wikiwiki haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai makemake ʻia ʻo NCM i nā EV hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea uila lawe lima e pono ai nā kumu mana liʻiliʻi a kiʻekiʻe.
I ka hopena, he mau ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali ko nā pila LiFePO₄ a me NCM. Pono e hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻoholo ma waena o lāua ma ka palekana, nā koi ikehu, ka waihona kālā, a me ka hopena i ke kaiapuni.