Ko te panera rā, e mōhiotia ana ko te panera photovoltaic, he taputapu e mimiti ana i te rā, e huri ana i te pūngao o te rā hei hiko e taea ai te whakamahi. He maha ngā pūtau rā takitahi (ngā pūtau photovoltaic) o ngā panera rā. Ko te whai huatanga o te panera rā e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o ngā pūtau rā.
He mea hanga te kōwae photovoltaic i ngā pūtau rā, te karāhe, te EVA, te whārangi o muri me te anga. Ka whakamahia e ngā pūnaha rama rā hou ngā panera rā monocrystalline, ngā panera rā polycrystalline rānei. He pai ake te whai hua o ngā pūtau rā monocrystalline nā te mea he mea hanga mai i te tioata kotahi o te silicon, ā, ka rewahia ngā tioata silicon hei hanga i ngā pūtau polycrystalline. He maha ngā tukanga e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga panera rā.
Te hanga panera rā
E rima ngā wāhanga matua o tētahi panera rā.
Ngā pūtau rā
He maha ngā wāhanga e whakamahia ana hei hanga i ngā pūtau rā. Ka taea e ngā papa silicon ina hurihia hei pūtau rā te huri i te pūngao rā ki te hiko. He papa silicon pai (boron) me te papa silicon kino (phosphorous) kei ia pūtau rā. Ko te nuinga o te wā, e 60 ki te 72 ngā pūtau rā kei roto i tētahi panera rā.
Karāhe
Ka whakamahia te karāhe whakapakeke hei tiaki i ngā pūtau PV, ā, ko te matotoru o te karāhe he 3 ki te 4 mm te nuinga. Ka tiaki te karāhe o mua i ngā pūtau mai i ngā pāmahana tino kino, ā, kua hangaia hei ātete i te pānga mai o ngā paru rererangi. Ko ngā karāhe tino whakawhiti e mōhiotia ana mō te iti o te rino ka āwhina i te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga o ngā panera rā, ā, he paninga ārai-whakaata hoki hei whakapai ake i te whakawhiti mārama.
Anga konumohe
Ka whakamahia he anga konumohe kua whakaputahia hei tiaki i te taha o te papa whakarewa e pupuri ana i ngā pūtau. Mā tēnei ka puta he hanganga pakari hei whakairi i te panera rā ki tōna tūranga. Kua hangaia te anga konumohe kia māmā, kia kaha hoki ki te tu atu i ngā kawenga mīhini me te āhuarangi uaua. Ko te anga he hiriwa, he pango kua whakakikoruatia rānei, ā, ka mau ngā kokonga mā te pēhi, mā te whakamahi rānei i ngā tīwiri, i ngā rawhi rānei.
Ngā paparanga kiriata EVA
Ka whakamahia ngā paparanga Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) hei ārai i ngā pūtau rā, hei pupuri hoki i a rātou i te wā e hangaia ana. He paparanga tino mārama tēnei, he pakari, he ātete hoki ki te haumākū me ngā huringa āhuarangi tino kino. He mea nui te mahi a ngā paparanga EVA ki te ārai i te makuku me te paru e tomo ana.
Kua whakakikoruatia ngā taha e rua o ngā pūtau rā ki ngā paparanga kiriata EVA hei whakarato i te mimiti ru me te tiaki i ngā waea hono me ngā pūtau mai i te pānga ohorere me ngā wiri.
Pouaka hononga
Ka whakamahia te pouaka hononga hei whakapiri mārie i ngā taura e hono ana i ngā panera. He āputa iti tēnei e ātete ana ki te huarere, kei reira anō hoki ngā diode whakawhiti. Kei muri i te panera te pouaka hononga, ā, koinei te wāhi e hono ai ngā pūtau katoa, nō reira, he mea nui kia tiakina tēnei pūwāhi pokapū mai i te makuku me te paru.
Ko te roa o te ora o ngā panera rā mō te 25 ki te 30 tau pea, ā, ka heke te pai o te mahi i roto i tētahi wā. Heoi, kāore e mutu te mahi i te mutunga o te roanga o te ora; ka memeha haere noa iho, ā, ka heke te whakaputanga pūngao e ai ki ngā kaihanga he nui rawa. Ko tētahi o ngā take matua he roa te ora o ngā panera rā, nā te mea kāore he wāhanga neke. Mena kāore i pakaru ā-tinana i ngā āhuatanga o waho, ka taea tonu e ngā panera rā te mahi mō ngā tekau tau. Ko te tere o te memeha o te panera rā kei te waitohu o te panera, ā, i te mea ka pai haere te hangarau o te panera rā i roto i ngā tau, ka pai haere ngā tere memeha.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga, ko te roa o te ora o tētahi panera rā he ine i te ōrau o te hiko i hangaia i roto i ngā tau ki te mana kua whakatauhia o te panera rā. Ka tatauhia e ngā kaihanga e hanga ana i ngā panera rā te ngaronga o te pai o te mahi i ia tau. E matapaetia ana ka whakaputahia e ngā panera rā te 80% o te hiko kua whakatauhia kia pai ai te mahi. Hei tauira, kia pai ai te mahi a tētahi panera rā 100 Watt, me whakaputa e ia te 80 Watt i te iti rawa. Kia mōhio ai tātou ki te mahi a tō panera rā i muri i tētahi tau, me mōhio tātou ki te tere o te pirau o te panera rā. I te toharite, ko te tere o te pirau he 1% ia tau.
Ko te wā whakahoki pūngao (EPBT) te roanga o te wā e whakaputa ai te panera rā i te pūngao e tika ana hei whakahoki i te pūngao i whakamahia hei hanga i te panera, ā, he roa ake te roa o te ora o te panera rā i tōna EPBT. Ka taea e te panera rā e tiakina pai ana te whakaiti i te tere o te pirau me te pai ake o te whai huatanga o te panera. Ka taea te pirau o te panera rā e te ahotea wera me ngā awe miihini e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga o ngā panera rā. Mā te tirotiro i ngā panera i ia wā ka kitea ngā take pēnei i ngā waea e kitea ana me ētahi atu wāhi hei whakarite kia roa ake te ora o ngā panera rā. Mā te horoi i ngā panera i ngā paru, te puehu, te turuturu wai me te hukarere ka taea te whakanui ake i te whai huatanga o ngā panera rā. Mā te aukati i te rā me ngā karawarawa, i ētahi atu kino rānei i runga i te panera ka pā ki te mahi a ngā panera. He tino iti te tere pirau i roto i te āhuarangi ngawari.
Te mahi a tētahirama tiriti pūngao rāKo te tino whakawhirinaki ki te whai huatanga o te panera rā e whakamahia ana. I te mea he maha ake ngā tāngata me ngā pakihi e haumi ana ki te pūngao rā, he mea maori noa iho te tumanako kia pakari, kia tika hoki te utu mō te wāhanga tino nui me te tino utu nui o te waeine rama tiriti rā. Ko ngā panera rā e whakamahia whānuitia ana i ēnei rā ko ngā panera rā monocrystalline me ngā panera rā polycrystalline, ā, he tata rite te roa o te ora o ēnei e rua. Heoi anō, he paku teitei ake te tere o te pirau o ngā panera rā polycrystalline i ngā panera rā monocrystalline. Mēnā kāore ngā panera i pakaru, ā, mēnā kei te whakaputa hiko e tika ana mō ō hiahia, kāore he take ki te whakakapi i ngā panera rā ahakoa kua roa te wā whakamana.
E ai ki te pikitia, he kaihanga ngaio a Zenith Lighting mō ngā momo rama rā katoa me ētahi atu hua e pā ana, ki te mea he pātai, he kaupapa rānei āu, kaua e mangere ki te whakapā mai. whakapā mai ki a mātou.
Wā tuku: Mei-22-2023