Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji ye-photovoltaic, izibane zesitalato zelanga ziya zixhaphaka ngakumbi ebomini bethu. Izibane zesitalato zelanga zizibane zangaphandle ezisebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga njengomthombo wamandla. Akukho mfuneko yokumba imibhobho nokubeka iintambo, nto leyo egcina iindleko zombane. Iiphaneli zelanga zifunxa amandla elanga emini, kwaye amandla okukhanya aguqulwa abe ngamandla ombane, aze agcinwe yibhetri etshajwayo. Ebusuku, ibhetri inika amandla ombane kumthombo wokukhanya ukuze ukhanyise izixeko neendawo zasemaphandleni. Ngoko ke, njaniizibane zesitalato zelangaNgaba iguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngamandla ombane ngokusebenzisa iiphaneli zelanga zokugcina? Kule nkqubo, zeziphi izinto ezifunekayo? Makhe sijonge ngokweenkcukacha.
1. Umgaqo wokusebenza kweephaneli zelanga
Izibane zesitalato zelanga zinokuvelisa umbane ikakhulu ngokusebenzisa isiphumo se-photovoltaic sezinto ze-semiconductor, ezinokuguqula imitha yokukhanya kwelanga ibe ngamandla ombane. Iiphaneli zelanga zenziwe zii-semiconductor ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, uhlobo lwe-N kunye nohlobo lwe-P. Ukudibana phakathi kwazo kubizwa ngokuba yi-PN junction. Xa iphaneli yelanga ifumana ukukhanya, kule junction ye-PN, ii-electron ziyakhululwa ngenxa yamandla okukhanya, kwaye kwenziwa ii-electron-hole pairs ezifanayo. Imingxunya ye-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N iya kuhamba iye kwi-P-type, kwaye ii-electron ezikwi-P-type region ziya kulibala intshukumo ye-N-type region, zenze umsinga ukusuka kwi-N-type region ukuya kwi-P-type region. Xa isekethe yangaphandle iqhagamshelwe, kuya kubakho umbane ophumayo.
2. Uqwalaselo lokuveliswa kwamandla ombane esitratweni selanga
Izibane zesitalato zelanga zenziwe ikakhulu ziiphaneli zelanga, izilawuli, iibhetri kunye nezinye izixhobo. Ngoko ke ezi zixhobo zidlala yiphi indima kwinkqubo yokukhanyisa ezitalatweni?
Iphaneli yelanga
Iphaneli yelanga yeyona nto iphambili kwisibane sesitalato, kwaye umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula amandla okukhanya abe ngamandla ombane, uze emva koko uwathumele kwibhetri yokugcina ukuze igcinwe, nto leyo elungele ukukhanyisa ebusuku okanye ukukhuthaza umsebenzi womthwalo.
Ibhetri
Iibhetri ze-lead-acid zazisetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku zitshintshwa kancinci kancinci ziibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate. Ibhetri yokugcina kufuneka igcine amandla elanga afunxwa ziiphaneli zelanga emini kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngesiseko sokwanelisa ukukhanya ebusuku. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka ikwazi ukugcina amandla ombane anokwanelisa iimfuno zokukhanya zeentsuku zemvula eziqhubekayo ebusuku. Umthamo webhetri mncinane kakhulu ukuba ungahlangabezana neemfuno zokukhanya ebusuku, umthamo mkhulu kakhulu, ibhetri iya kuhlala ikwimeko yokulahlekelwa ngumbane, ichaphazele ubomi benkonzo, kwaye ibangele inkunkuma. Ke ngoko, xa simisela izibane zesitalato zelanga, kufuneka sizilungiselele ngokweemeko zokwenyani zokusetyenziswa kunye nemozulu yendawo ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokukhanya zabasebenzisi.
Umlawuli
Igama elipheleleyo yi-solar charge and discharge controller, kwaye singayiqonda indlela esebenza ngayo kweli gama. I-controller isetyenziselwa ukulawula imeko yokusebenza kwayo yonke.inkqubo yokukhanya kwesitalato yelangaIkwadlala indima ekukhuseleni ibhetri ekutshajeni kakhulu nasekukhupheni kakhulu. Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi benkonzo yezibane zesitalato zelanga, ingakumbi ubomi benkonzo yebhetri. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iphaneli yelanga, iphaneli yelanga iya kutshaja ibhetri. Kwangaxeshanye, umlawuli uya kubona ngokuzenzekelayo i-voltage yokutshaja, kunye ne-voltage yokuphuma kwisibane selanga, ukuze isibane sesitalato selanga sikhanyise.
Ngamafutshane, izibane zesitalato zelanga zifunxa amandla elanga ngeephaneli zelanga, zigcine kwibhetri, emva koko umlawuli ukhupha imiyalelo kwibhetri ukuze inike amandla kwizibane zesitalato. Izibane zesitalato zelanga zigcina amandla, zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, zikhuselekile kwaye zilungele, kwaye zinokuzisa iingenelo zexesha elide. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga nezibane zesitalato zelanga, zive ukhululekile ukunxibelelana nathi.
Njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso, iZenith Lighting ngumvelisi ochwephesha weentlobo ngeentlobo zezibane zasezitalatweni, ukuba unemibuzo okanye iprojekthi, nceda ungathandabuzi ukuqhagamshelana nathi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Septemba-19-2023